J. N. Darby, Bible Treasury, 2nd Edition, Volume 1, December 1857.
(1st. Edition, December [01 1857 310])
[01 1857 306]
Perfection.— When it is said, "Be ye perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect," (Matt. 5:48), Jesus Himself explains this passage by what precedes. This perfection consists in acting according to love and not according to the law of retaliation which says, "An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth." It is the acting towards men according to the principle of God acting towards us according to the grace of our heavenly Father. There is no question here as to the root of sin in our nature.
This word perfection is used in connection with the three great revelations of God. He made Himself known to Abraham as the Almighty, to the Jews as the Eternal, and to Christians as Father. God said to Abraham, "I am the Almighty God; walk before me, and be thou perfect:" thus signifying that he ought to walk before God, trusting continually in His power as Almighty. Abraham did not do this — he failed in this respect, for he spoke falsehood (Gen. 20:2), just because he was not trusting in the almighty power of God. The question is not as to sin in Abraham's fallen nature, but of acting in full confidence in God's omnipotence. In fact, Abraham had still sin, and he fell.
It was said to the Israelites, "Thou shalt be perfect with Jehovah thy God (Deut. 18:13). The matter in hand here was their not imitating the abominations of the Canaanities in their idolatries; but there was no question of the state of purification from all sin, of the heart of one Israelite or another. The contrary is so true that in the same book (Deut. 29:4) Moses says to them, "Yet the LORD hath not given you an heart to perceive, and eyes to see, and ears to hear unto this day."
Thirdly, it is said (Matt. 5:48), "Be ye perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect." We at once observe a difference in the expressions. It is not said, Be perfect "before me," or "with thy God," as was said to Abraham and to the Israelites, because the name of Father reveals to us the fullness of grace. According to this sweet name they were already children, accepted in Christ as Christ is accepted of the Father. They were already made accepted in the Beloved; righteous before God as Christ is righteous; loved as Jesus is loved. Now it is not said, Present to God a character of perfection, such that you should be accepted of Him through this means, and that you should be well-pleasing to Him; but you are the children of your heavenly Father — therefore display His character to the world. "For he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust." He acts according to His grace, and not according to the law: you saved sinners, you are and ought to be witnesses of it. The publicans love those who love them, but your heavenly Father loves His enemies. Act according to this rule, and be perfect even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect. It is not said, Be perfect before Him, or with Him, as if you were without sin, but like Him, act in love towards your enemies.
There is no question here as to whether sin is or is not in the flesh, but of the principle which ought to direct the conduct of God's children, in contrast with the principle of the law or of natural justice. But if to be perfect as my heavenly Father is to be applied to the absence of the sin of my nature, if it means that I resemble Him perfectly in this respect, seeing that perfection, according to those who hold that doctrine, still leaves things which expose us to eternal damnation, the same thing would be true of the divine perfection — an idea which, of course, would be the grossest impiety and absurdity.